使用linode命令行工具创建和管理虚拟机(Linode cli getting started)

准备工作

Linode最新的api是API V4，新的beta api安装和使用说明与原来api类似，可以参考原来的文档

  1. linode测速, 不考虑新加坡和日本容易被墙都地址，使用Linode官方测试数据的测试结果：
    1. US East newark ~10k
    2. US South atlanta ~20k
    3. US Central dallas ~10k
    4. US West fremont ~300k
    5. Frankfurt ~200k
    6. London ~200k

  2. 从下面链接得到Personal access token: https://cloud.linode.com/profile/tokens，是一个64位的16进制数字。 linode__persona_access_token.png

  3. 选择自己所需要的默认服务器配置，我一直用Linode 1GB(注意这个类型的名称是nanode不是standard 1)，一个月5$。

install and configure

测试环境os x 10.13.3, 对于Linux系统除了Home目录不同，其余应该一样。

  1. 安装pip3 install linode-cli 安装后有linode-beta和linode-cli两个命令，官方建议用linode-cli 
    $ linode-beta
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ WARNING                                                                                                                           │
├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ The 'linode-beta' command has been deprecated and renamed to 'linode-cli'.  Please invoke with that command to hide this warning. │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
usage: linode-beta [-h] [-t TOKEN] [-u USERNAME] [--raw]
                   [--separator SEPARATOR]
                   TYPE CMD
linode-beta: error: the following arguments are required: TYPE, CMD
  2. 首次运行需要执行”linode-cli configure”，填入上面的personal access token(64位16进制数字), 默认区域(5 - eu-west-1a)，默认服务器类型(9 - g5-nanode-1)，默认操作系统(16 - linode/opensuse42.3)。 
    $ linode-cli configure
Welcome to the Linode CLI.  This will walk you through some
initial setup.

First, we need a Personal Access Token.  To get one, please visit
https://cloud.linode.com/profile/integrations/tokens and click
"Create a Personal Access Token".  The CLI needs access to everything
on your account to work correctly.

Personal Access Token: (paste your personal access token)

Default Region for deploying Linodes.  Choices are:
 1 - us-south-1a
 2 - us-west-1a
 3 - us-southeast-1a
 4 - us-east-1a
 5 - eu-west-1a
 6 - ap-south-1a
 7 - eu-central-1a
 8 - ap-northeast-1b
 9 - ap-northeast-1a

Default Datacenter (Optional): 5

Default type of Linode to deploy.  Choices are:
 1 - g5-standard-1
 2 - g5-standard-2
 3 - g5-standard-4
 4 - g5-standard-6
 5 - g5-standard-8
 6 - g5-standard-12
 7 - g5-standard-16
 8 - g5-standard-20
 9 - g5-nanode-1
 10 - g5-highmem-1
 11 - g5-highmem-2
 12 - g5-highmem-4
 13 - g5-highmem-8
 14 - g5-highmem-16

Default type of Linode (Optional): 9

Default Image to deploy to new Linodes.  Choices are:
 1 - linode/slackware13.37
 2 - linode/slackware14.1
 3 - linode/ubuntu14.04lts
 4 - linode/centos6.8
 5 - linode/centos7
 6 - linode/debian7
 7 - linode/debian8
 8 - linode/ubuntu16.04lts
 9 - linode/arch
 10 - linode/slackware14.2
 11 - linode/gentoo2018.01.15
 12 - linode/opensuseleap42.2
 13 - linode/containerlinux
 14 - linode/debian9
 15 - linode/fedora26
 16 - linode/opensuse42.3
 17 - linode/ubuntu17.10
 18 - linode/fedora27

Default Image (Optional): 16

Path to SSH public key to deploy to new Linodes (Optional): $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Config written to /path/to/your_home/.linode-cli

创建和管理虚拟机

  1. 在默认区域，使用默认配置，默认发行版建立虚拟机（见上节说明）(linode-cli后面跟type(linode, domain, volume等)和cmd，不加type默认是linode)： 
    $ linode-cli create -P <your_root_password> -l linode1
  2. 创建后可以linode-cli linode list看到刚创建的linode1虚拟机逐步创建启动中，status是running就可以正常使用了，根据网页上显示的时间，我这次创建用了30s； 
    $ linode-cli list
Linode
┌─────────┬──────────────┬────────────┬─────────┬───────┬────────┐
│ label   │ status       │ location   │ backups │ disk  │ memory │
├─────────┼──────────────┼────────────┼─────────┼───────┼────────┤
│ linode1 │ provisioning │ eu-west-1a │ no      │ 20480 │ 1024   │
└─────────┴──────────────┴────────────┴─────────┴───────┴────────┘
$ linode-cli list
Linode
┌─────────┬─────────┬────────────┬─────────┬───────┬────────┐
│ label   │ status  │ location   │ backups │ disk  │ memory │
├─────────┼─────────┼────────────┼─────────┼───────┼────────┤
│ linode1 │ booting │ eu-west-1a │ no      │ 20480 │ 1024   │
└─────────┴─────────┴────────────┴─────────┴───────┴────────┘
$ linode-cli list
Linode
┌─────────┬─────────┬────────────┬─────────┬───────┬────────┐
│ label   │ status  │ location   │ backups │ disk  │ memory │
├─────────┼─────────┼────────────┼─────────┼───────┼────────┤
│ linode1 │ running │ eu-west-1a │ no      │ 20480 │ 1024   │
└─────────┴─────────┴────────────┴─────────┴───────┴────────┘

    也可以登录https://manager.linode.com/linodes查看 linode__list_nodes.png

  3. 节点管理： 
    linode-cli restart <your_vm_name>
linode-cli stop <your_vm_name>
linode-cli delete <your_vm_name>

ssh连接

  1. 得到ip地址 
    $ linode-cli linode show linode1
   label: linode1
  status: running
location: eu-west-1a
 backups: no
    disk: 20480
  memory: 1024
     ips: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
  2. ssh连接。前面linode-configure时已经设置了默认的ssh public key，从同一台机器访问linode节点不需要密码： 
    $ ssh root@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
The authenticity of host 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:dm3Bqb7yJIc2iWXEj2cHXhvFtBAj7RnESuhgyAzqsSU.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Have a lot of fun...
linux:~ #

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